Essentially, you tell a story, then repeat it, and then on the third pass you change it in a memorable way.
Jeff Loewenstein and Chip Heath have written about what they call the repetition-break plot structure, which is common in jokes and stories. This idea has a direct parallel in comedy. In my book Smart Thinking, I talk about the observation that people remember roughly three things about any experience they have. Your talks should get better over time not only because you are more practiced at giving them but also because you have edited them based on feedback. Reorganize sections of the talk that sent the audience to their cell phones or daydreaming of the next coffee break. Highlight the elements that people seem to like. Then take some notes - don’t rely on your memory. And try to get some feedback from the people who hear you to figure out what resonated. You can tell when they are paying attention and when they are mentally somewhere else. Take advantage of opportunities to give several talks on the same topic. In subsequent performances, they emphasize and embellish the parts that are working and lose the parts that aren’t. Once they have performed a routine several times, they have a pretty good sense of where the reactions are going to be. Comedians will come up with something and practice it, and then try it in front of an audience. In this way, you’re like a comedian working out a new bit. Once you start giving public talks, you’re likely to speak on the same topic several times. When you’re less stressed about speaking, you also think more clearly, which helps you to be more spontaneous and to answer questions more effectively. Also, stress decreases your working memory capacity - the amount of memory you have available for critical thinking in the moment. Once you realize that the downside of speaking is really not so bad, it gets easier to give talks. Your audience will forget most of your talk soon after you give it (whether it is good or bad). Other people are simply much less concerned about you (and notice a lot less about you) than you think they are. A lot of research suggests that we have an egocentric bias about the things we do. You are much more concerned about the consequences of a bad talk than anyone else is. And many have gone on to have successful careers. Every comedian I have ever met or read about has died. When they have a terrible set, they died on stage. Your reputation will suffer, and that can have lasting consequences.ĭeath is a frequent metaphor for comedians. If you give a bad talk (or trip on your way up to the stage), you worry that the stench of that talk will stick to you for the rest of your life. Why exactly is public speaking so nerve-wracking? One main reason: It’s a social risk. While I’m not a comedian myself, I’ve been a fan of comedians and their process for a long time, and I think there are three lessons that anyone can learn from them about public speaking. And I give a lot of credit to my fascination with stand-up comedy. People ask me if speaking gets me nervous. In addition to presenting in my classes, I typically give a talk per week in front of groups. Yet success in many roles requires speaking in public. Tell undergrads they have 10 minutes to prepare a speech that will be evaluated by experts, and their levels of the stress hormone cortisol shoot through the roof. The clock takes on a new appearance for Doomsday Clock, with midnight represented by Superman's shield, once again appearing on the cover of each issue.Public speaking is so stressful for so many people that it is routinely used as a stress manipulation in psychological studies. It moves forward to twelve minutes by the events of Doomsday Clock. At the end of DC Rebirth #1, the final two-page spread showed that Doctor Manhattan's experiments with time set the clock back to 11:45, fifteen minutes to midnight. The Doomsday Clock makes a return appearance in DC Rebirth #1 and the eponymous series. A clock, covered in blood and set to midnight, appears on the cover and first page of Chapter XII. On page 27 of Chapter XI, a clock set to New York time is pictured at one minute to midnight. Veidt's master plan takes place at midnight, New York local time.
The blood-stained badge of the Comedian, which appears on the cover of Chapter I, may represent a clock with its minute hand pointing at twelve minutes to the hour. The final page in each Chapter also bears a clockface showing the same time as the one on the cover. The clock on the cover of the final chapter, Chapter XII, is set to midnight. The clock on the cover of Chapter I is set at twelve minutes to midnight, and on the cover of each subsequent chapter the clock is moved forward by one minute. The cover page of each chapter of Watchmen has an image of a clockface.
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